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A hotter-than-expected inflation report sent stocks sharply lower last week as investors faced the prospect of more aggressive interest rate hikes by the Federal Reserve for perhaps a longer period.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 4.13%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 lost 4.77%. The Nasdaq Composite index dropped 5.48% for the week. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, dipped 1.78%.^1,2,3

Inflation Deflates Markets  

Stocks suffered their worst day in more than two years last Tuesday as markets were caught off-guard by a higher-than-anticipated August inflation report.

Markets expected the August report to show a substantial cooling of inflation, potentially allowing the Fed to ease up on interest rate hikes. Instead, the elevated inflation number not only undercut those easing hopes but raised the possibility of a more significant rate hike. On Tuesday, traders assigned a 28% probability of a 100 basis point hike, from a 0% chance just the day before. Price action remained choppy for the remainder of the week, closing the week with additional losses as a global package-delivery company warned of a worldwide recession.⁴

August CPI Disappoints

August’s Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 8.3% from a year ago, showing a continued deceleration in price increases (July’s CPI was 8.5%, and June’s was 9.1%). Despite moderating price increases, traders were disappointed, given the general expectation of a more substantial slowdown in inflation.⁵

Core inflation (excluding food and energy) was particularly alarming to investors, which jumped 6.3% year-over-year. That number was well above the 5.9% rate from June and July. From the market’s perspective, sufficient inflationary pressures exist for the Fed to maintain its hawkish interest rate policy for possibly longer than investors had hoped.⁶

Footnotes and Sources

1. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 16, 2022}
2. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 16, 2022}
3. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 16, 2022}
4. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 13, 2022}
5. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 13, 2022}
6. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 13, 2022}

The IRS has a few resources to help you file an error-free return. They suggest making an online account to see estimated tax payments, prior year adjusted gross income, and more.

They also offer the option to request a tax transcript online. There are five types of tax transcripts, each used for different purposes, so make sure to see which one best fits your needs. A Tax Return Transcript, for example, shows most line items from your original Form 1040. You can request a tax transcript online, by mail, or by phone.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov⁵

Footnotes and Sources

5. ^{IRS.gov, March 24, 2022}

In a holiday-shortened week of trading, stocks posted healthy gains despite more tough talk on monetary policy from Fed officials.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 2.66%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 gained 3.65%. The Nasdaq Composite index picked up 4.14% for the week. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, lost 1.26%. ^1,2,3

Stocks Rise

Stocks fell coming off the Labor Day weekend, dragged down by news that Russia was cutting off natural gas supplies to its European customers. Stocks also were under pressure due to a surprisingly strong report on business conditions, which heightened fears of continued Fed hawkishness.

Sentiment quickly improved as bond yields turned lower and oil prices fell. Investors reacted positively to comments by Fed Vice Chair Lael Brainard, who reiterated the Fed’s commitment to quashing inflation while acknowledging the risks of going too far. Stocks added to their gains on Thursday as the market digested another speech from Fed Chair Powell and a 0.75% hike by the European Central Bank. The markets surged on Friday amid little news, ending a positive week on an upbeat note.

No Inflation Walk Back

In his first public comments since his speech at Jackson Hole that sent markets into a tailspin, Fed Chair Powell did not seek to soften the edges of the Fed’s commitment to fighting inflation. In an interview on Thursday, Powell reaffirmed the need for sustained and robust actions to bring down inflation. He emphasized that it was critical that “the longer inflation remains well above target, the greater the risk the public does begin to see higher inflation as the norm, and that has the capacity to really raise the costs of getting inflation down.”⁴

With the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) set to meet on September 20-21, these comments may indicate that market expectations of a rate hike of 0.75% this month align with the Fed’s plans.

Footnotes and Sources

1. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 9, 2022}
2. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 9, 2022}
3. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 9, 2022}
4. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 8, 2022}

The IRS can scan tax returns for potential fraud, and if a tax return seems suspicious, they will flag it for further review. In these cases, the IRS will send the taxpayer a letter notifying them of potential identity theft. Because the tax return won’t be processed until you respond to the letter, it’s essential to follow the steps outlined. The letter will likely have everything you need to know.

The three different types of identity theft letters that the IRS may send out include:

1. A letter that asks the taxpayer to verify their identity online
2. A letter that asks the taxpayer to call the IRS to verify their identity
3. A letter that asks the taxpayer to verify their identity in person.

* This information is not intended to be a substitute for specific, individualized tax advice. We suggest that you discuss your specific tax issues with a qualified tax professional.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov ⁷

Footnotes and Sources

7. ^{IRS.gov, April 12, 2022}

The overhang of Fed Chair Powell’s Jackson Hole speech the previous week carried over into last week as investors recalibrated stock valuations amid a seemingly more assertive monetary policy stance.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 2.99%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 stumbled 3.29%. The Nasdaq Composite index lost 4.21%. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, slid 4.90%. ^1,2,3

Stocks Extend Losses

Investors remained unnerved by the aggressive tone of Jerome Powell’s speech and subsequent comments from Fed officials suggesting a higher rate hike than the market expected at the Fed two-day meeting ending September 21. The probability of a 75 basis point hike in September rose to nearly 65%, up from just 28% a month ago. ⁴

Stocks moved steadily lower before finding some footing on Thursday. Friday’s employment report appeared to strike a “goldilocks” note (i.e., labor gains not so strong that it might trigger greater Fed hawkishness but robust enough to allay imminent recession fears). After early gains, stocks turned lower ahead of the holiday weekend.

Employment Shines

Employers added 315,000 jobs in August, maintaining the labor market’s remarkable resiliency amid a contracting economy. The unemployment rate rose to 3.7%, up from last month’s 3.5%. The gain followed an uptick in the labor participation rate, which expanded from 62.1% to 62.4%. Wages continued to grow, rising 0.3% in August and 5.2% from 12 months ago. ⁵

Sectors seeing the most significant increases in new jobs were professional and business services, healthcare, and retail. Lagging sectors were manufacturing, financial, and wholesale trade. ⁶ 

Footnotes and Sources

1. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 2, 2022}
2. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 2, 2022}
3. ^{The Wall Street Journal, September 2, 2022}
4. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2022}
5. ^{CNBC, September 2, 2022}
6. ^{CNBC, September 2, 2022}

Filing taxes has become more seamless in recent years due to e-filing. It’s also easy to check the status of your refund if you anticipate one. The IRS has a tool called Where’s My Refund? where taxpayers can check the status of their refund within 24 hours of the IRS acknowledging the taxpayer’s e-filed return. You can also see a personalized refund date after the return is processed.

You can access the tool online on the IRS website or via their app. You will see three phases: return received, refund approved, and refund sent. The IRS recommends setting up direct deposit to receive your refund even faster. They update the tool once a day.

* This information is not intended to be a substitute for specific, individualized tax advice. We suggest that you discuss your specific tax issues with a qualified tax professional.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov⁵

Footnotes and Sources

5. ^{IRS.gov, April 19, 2022}

The IRS mails letters or notices to taxpayers for a variety of reasons, including:

• You have a balance due
• You are due a larger or smaller refund
• The IRS has a question about their tax return
• You must verify your identity
• The IRS requires additional information
• The IRS changed their tax return

If you receive a letter or notice from the IRS, check to see if there are any action items. If something needs attention, the IRS may provide a deadline for a response. You should also keep a copy of the letter for your tax records. Remember, all official IRS correspondence is through the mail, so there is usually no need to call the IRS.

* This information is not intended to be a substitute for specific, individualized tax advice. We suggest that you discuss your specific tax issues with a qualified tax professional.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov⁶

Footnotes and Sources

6. ^{IRS.gov, April 21, 2022}

Stocks tumbled on Friday, sending stocks to a weekly loss after an otherwise quiet August week of trading.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average slipped -0.16%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 lost 1.21%. The Nasdaq Composite index declined 2.62% for the week. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, fell 0.88%. ^1,2,3

Summer Rally Hits Pause Button

The market rally that began in mid-June paused last week. Despite the week’s losses, stocks exhibited resiliency in the face of a string of troubling economic news that included flat retail sales, weak housing numbers, an inversion in the yield curve, and tepid economic data out of China.

Nevertheless, stocks tumbled on Friday amid hawkish comments about future rate hikes, rising bond yields, and ahead of the annual meeting of global central bankers in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, in which Fed Chair Jerome Powell is scheduled to speak on August 26th.

Expect More Rate Hikes

Minutes from July’s Federal Open Market Committee meeting indicated that additional rate hikes would be needed to help manage inflation. Fed officials did acknowledge that further rate hikes risked unintended economic weakness because of the time it takes for higher rates to work through the economy. The committee indicated that they might slow rate hikes to determine the impact of previous rate increases. ⁴

The minutes also contained the Fed’s latest economic forecasts, which projected inflation to decline faster than its June estimate due to a bigger economic slowdown in the year’s second half. ⁵ 

Footnotes and Sources

1. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 19, 2022}
2. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 19, 2022}
3. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 19, 2022}
4. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 17, 2022}
5. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 17, 2022}

The IRS has a handy tool called the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator that can help taxpayers better understand their withholding. It’s essential to examine your federal withholding periodically to ensure you are comfortable with the amount of tax withheld.

Checking your withholding status may be a good idea to consider if you have experienced a change that may affect your tax status, such as:

• Going through a marriage or divorce
• Having or adopting a child
• Purchasing a new home
• Working two or more jobs at the same time
• Only working part of the year
• Claiming credits such as the child tax credit

* This information is not intended to be a substitute for specific, individualized tax advice. We suggest that you discuss your specific tax issues with a qualified tax professional.

Tip adapted from IRS.gov⁷

Footnotes and Sources

7. ^{IRS.gov, April 28, 2022}

An improving inflation outlook buoyed investors’ spirits last week, helping lift stocks to solid gains.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average advanced 2.92%, while the Standard & Poor’s 500 rose 3.26%. The Nasdaq Composite index added 3.08% for the week. The MSCI EAFE index, which tracks developed overseas stock markets, gained 2.39%.^1,2,3

Lower Inflation Spurs Buying

Stock prices surged mid-week when the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics released a better-than-expected Consumer Price Index (CPI) number, with buying momentum building throughout the trading session.

Gains were significant across the board, with technology and small-cap companies leading the market higher. The mid-week rally sent the S&P 500 to its highest level since May and the Nasdaq to its highest level since April. Bond yields fell on expectations that the Fed’s pressure to hike rates further might ease. After pausing on Thursday, stocks again ripped higher on Friday, aided, in part, by a report indicating improving consumer sentiment.⁴

Inflation Cools

The Consumer Price Index in July was softer than expected, with prices unchanged from the previous month thanks to a 4.6% decline in energy prices and a 7.7% drop in gasoline.⁴

Despite the encouraging results, the CPI report still evidenced upward price pressure. The year-over-year inflation rate remained at 8.5%, while the core CPI (excluding food and energy) came in at 5.9%. Among the index components seeing substantial price increases were food (+10.9% from 12 months ago) and shelter (+5.7%). Producer prices fell 0.5% in July, suggesting that future consumer price increases may continue to moderate.^5,6

Footnotes and Sources

1. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 12, 2022}
2. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 12, 2022}
3. ^{The Wall Street Journal, August 12, 2022}
4. ^{CNBC, August 10, 2022}
5. ^{CNBC, August 10, 2022}
6. ^{CNBC, August 11, 2022}